[Reflection] 語言學? 學語言? 言語學? 學言語?

沒有過人的膽量和決心毅力

怎敢自稱自己主修英語


當許多人擁有深厚的背景知識作為基礎

進而強化己身語言能力時

English as a major? What a joke!


讀書會旨在交流 而非私人家教

程度差距出現時，必然有一方必須要去帶領較弱的另一群人

累的是誰？

設若人皆平等，那麼程度較佳之一方，並沒有任何義務去告訴或傳授己身智識於他人

凡事必有其代價　

這代價有可能是　

1) 較佳之一方無私傾囊相授

2) 程度相差不大 可以藉由討論交流 或某方能指點一二

3) 如家教一般 一方付錢 一方授課


現在台灣的語言系所強調所學為何 本人不甚清楚

但經過三四年的外語洗鍊 基本功應該不差

而非 自詡為 外文系所就讀者 就此停滯不前


準備一篇文章

作摘要 文章理解 甚至還要能夠視譯(翻譯教學法時常應用) 整理講稿 不斷複習準備之內容

並於會中流暢無礙闡述己見(甚至毋須瀏覽講稿)


單字量更不在話下

TOEFL, IELTS, SAT,GRE-VERBAL都是極為明顯的例子

由於台灣教育制度之缺陷 造成學生單單記誦中英文一兩個意思 而非從英文解釋的角度理解之

因此 常常遇到 英文註釋的單字填空題 或是 單字限定範圍的填空題 就不知所措

這樣的問題 對於 以語言作為主修之人 應不成問題

因為 這是學語言的人 最熟悉不過 卻也在一開始最頭痛之問題

試問 讀了四年的外語 卻在聽說讀寫上有困難 全部都是系上的錯? 全部都是教育制度之過?

究其根本 便是自主學習(learning autonomy)不彰所致

台灣學生 因為長期只透過授課者給予答案 已失去思考及提問題(raise issues)的能力


所以到了寫論文這關都很辛苦 因為早先一味接受灌輸 而非自己掘取資源

已經失去了原本的能力 相較之下 便必須下更多工夫重建之

因此 自身語言問題 撇開學習高原期(或瓶頸)不談

有多少台灣就讀外語系所的學生 肯真正在自身智識下苦功?

不見棺材不掉淚者恆數?

讀書會的本意 乃是交流

發起人本來就是要先決定大方向 細部修正與微調則必須透過實際運作調整之

許多人都以為發起及維繫讀書會之發展很簡單

因此總是多所批評

卻不願意或沒能力自組讀書會

讀書會沒壓力根本就不叫讀書會 充其量 就是同樂會罷了

還是個一點樂趣也沒有的同樂會

嫌別人嚴苛之前 請先惦惦自己的斤兩

就像是 只有考上台大的人 才有資格說 台大有什麼了不起

態度決定一切

背單字是基本功 還需要別人要求嗎？

考試當然不是看成績　是看吸收和用心了多少

只會說「我不知道你會這樣出」的人　態度就是有問題

心態可見一斑

台灣的學生都被訓練成　要做看過的題目　而不是訓練他們遇到不會的　該如何應對？

只會背中英文解釋互換算什麼？

答案不會寫　看前面的題目照抄　也許是種考試技巧　但那代表了自己就是不會

這種投機的心理　比不上　那些不會寫寧願空下來的人　等到對完答案再重新記憶一次的態度


混不混？　當然看得出來

明知道這個讀書會的運作方式　是連試聽者都要求要做功課

居然還有臨時起意想當旁觀者的心態　　戒之！慎之！

這不是混是什麼？　想必這類人在學校上課也是同樣的模式

就是混！！　混文憑　混時間　混成好像自己專業知識很強　

跟江澄祥老師說的一樣

台灣絕大部分的大學都在教技能　而不是在教知識

所以許多台灣的學生　都喪失思考的能力　只能因循苟且　按圖索驥


那些自詡為學語言的人啊　戒之！慎之！

例如說DK的例子好了

我曾經看過一個貓空某大學的學生　

每期上課都來前三分之一　後面就消失了　　她好像是商院的吧

德文學的如何呢？

台灣的歐語教學　就我實際接觸過的　　都不太給人壓力　因為唸不唸是自己的事情

結果呢？　唸好的當然還是有　但唸不好的一堆　因為沒有自律和自我要求的能力

因此　大學部學語言的學生阿　到底花了多少時間在讀書和思考上呢？

還是只會對外宣稱　自己是學語言的　卻總是耽於逸樂呢？

[Announcement] An Online Quiz

http://www.twhappy.com/


這個網站可以測試自己知道多少單字喔

Give it a try~!

[Announcement] Congrats!

If I Were a Boy


The subtitles was from my undergradute classmate, Edison!!

[Gram./Vocab.] Week8 - 06_12_08

I. Week1-7 Review Test

II. Translation

President-elect Obama rolling out economic course

[Gram./Vocab.] Week 7-29_11_08

I. 筆譯題 (Randomised Patterns)

Meeting the 'metrosexual' man

II. AFFIXES

A. fin= end; limit

1. finale - fin_end + ale_n.suffix (n.) 尾聲；終曲
e.g. The concerto is now drawing to a close, entering the grand finale.
2. to finalise (finalize) - fin_to end + al + ise/ize_v.suffix (v.) 確定；確立；結束
e.g. Over a period of time in negotiation, the contract was finalised yesterday.
3. finesse - fin_to end + esse_v/n.-suffix (n.) 手腕；技巧 (v.) 用計
e.g. The diplomatic negotiations over this sensitive issue require a fair amount of finesse.
4. finicky - fin_to end + ic + ky_adj.-suffix (n.) 挑剔的
e.g.
5. finite - fin_limit + ite_adj.-suffix (a.) 有限的
e.g.
6. to confine - con_together + fine_limit (v.) 限制
e.g.
7. definition - de_down + fin_limit + it + ion_n.-suffix (n.) 定義
e.g.
8. definitive - de_down + fin_limit + it + ive_adj.-suffix (a.) 權威的；代表性的
e.g.
9. infinite - in_not + fin_limit + ite_adj.-suffix (a.) 無限的
e.g.
10. refined - re_again + fin_end + ed_adj.-suffix (a.) 高雅的
e.g.
11. refinery - re_again + fin_end + ery_n.-suffix (n.) 精煉廠
e.g.
12. refinement - re_again + fin(e)_end + ment_n.-suffix (n.) 精煉；高雅
e.g.
13. to refine - re_again + fin(e)_end (v.) 提煉；精煉
e.g.

B. term = end; limit

1. to determine - de_down + term_end + ine_v.-suffix (v.) 決定
e.g.
2. term - term_limit (n.) 任期；詞語；條件；期間
e.g.
terms (n.) 賒帳期限
to give sb. credit 讓……賒帳
e.g. What are the terms? 付款期限多久?
e.g. Give me some terms, please. 請讓我賒帳
e.g. We can't give you any more credit because your credit is not very good with us.
因為你信用不好，所以不能再讓你賒帳了

3. terminal - term_end + in + al_n./adj.-suffix (a.) 末期的 (n.) 終站；航廈
e.g.
4. to terminate - term_end + in + ate_v.-suffix (v.) 終止
e.g.
5. terminology - term_limit + ino + logy_study of (n.) 術語；用語
e.g.
6. terminus - term_end + in + us (n.) 終站
e.g.
7. conterminous - con_together + term_limit + in + ous (a.) 接壤的；交界的
e.g.
adjacent (a.) 毗鄰的
e.g.
8. to exterminate - ex_out + term_end + in + ate_v.-suffix (v.) 消滅
e.g.
9. indeterminate - in_not + de_down + term_end + in + ate_adj.-suffix (a.) 不一定的
e.g.
10. perdetermined - pre_before + de_down + term_limit + in + ed_adj.-suffix (a.) 事先決定的


C. dur = hard, last

1. duration - dur_last + at + ion_n.-suffix (n.) 時期
e.g.
2. durable - dur_last + able_able (n.) 耐久的物品 (a.) 耐久的
e.g.
3. to duress - dur_hard + ess_n.-suffix (n.) 脅迫
e.g.
4. to endure - en_v.-suffix + dure_last (v.) 忍受
e.g.
5. enduring - en_v.-suffix + dure_last + ing_adj.-suffix (a.) 歷久不衰的
e.g.
6. obdurate - ob_against + dur_hard + ate_adj.-suffix (a.) 頑固的
e.g.
7. during - dur_last + ing (prep.) 在……期間
e.g.

D. flu = flow

1. flood
e.g.
2. fluctuation
e.g.
3. fluent
e.g.
4. fluency
e.g.
5. fluid
e.g.
6. to flush
e.g.
7. flux
e.g.
8. affluent
e.g.
9. confluence
e.g.
10. effluent
e.g.
11. influential
e.g.
12. influx
e.g.
13. superfluous
e.g.
14. floe
e.g.
15. flotilla
e.g.
16. flotsam
e.g.

E. und = flow; overflow

1. abundant
e.g.
2. undulate
e.g.
3. abound
e.g.
4. inundate
e.g.
5. redundant
e.g.

F. mob, mot = move

1. motor
e.g.
2. mob
e.g.
3. mobility
e.g.
4. to mobilise (mobilize)
e.g.
5. mobile
e.g.
6. automobile
e.g.
7. to immobilise (immobilize)
e.g.
8. momentum
e.g.
9. to remove
e.g.
10. removal
e.g.
11. motivation
e.g.
12. motive
e.g.
13. to motivate
e.g.
14. to demote
e.g.
15. emotion
e.g.
16. promotion
e.g.
17. to promote
e.g.

G. auto = self

1. autocracy
e.g.
2. autocrat
e.g.
3. autocratic
e.g.
4. automat
e.g.
5. automatic
e.g.
6. automatic pilot (autopilot)
e.g.
7. automation
e.g.
8. to automatise (automatize)
e.g.
9. automaton
e.g.
10. automobile
e.g.
11. autonomic
e.g.
12. autonomous
e.g.
13. autonomy
e.g.
14. autobiography
e.g.
15. autobiographer
e.g.
16. autobiographical novel
e.g.
17. autograph
e.g.
18. autopsy
e.g.
19. autodidact
e.g.
20. autogamous
e.g.
21. autogamy
e.g.
22. autograft
e.g.
23. autolysis
e.g.
24. autotomy
e.g.
25. to autotomise (autotomize)
e.g.

H. tain, ten, tin = hold

1. contain - con_together + tain_to hold (v.) 包含
e.g.
2. abstain - abs_away + tain_to hold (v.) 戒絕
e.g.
3. attain - at_to + tain_to hold (v.) 達成
e.g.
4. detain - de_away + tain_to hold (v.) 扣留
e.g.
5. entertain - enter_between + tain_to hold (v.) 娛樂
e.g.
6. obtain - ob_to + tain_to hold (v.) 取得
e.g.
7. retain - re_back + tain_to hold (v.) 留下
e.g.
8. sustain - sus_under + tain_to hold (v.) 維持
e.g.
9. tenaciously - ten_to hold + ac + ious + ly (adv.) 頑強(地)
e.g.
10. tenant - ten_to hold + ant (n.) 房客
e.g.
11. tenet - ten_to hold + et (n.) 教義
e.g.
12. tenure - ten_to hold + ure (n.) 任期
e.g.
13. content - con_together + tent_to hold (n.) 目錄；內容
e.g.
14. maintenance - main_hand + ten_to hold + ance (n.) 保養；維護
e.g.
15. untenable - un_not + ten_to hold + able (a.) 行不通的
e.g.
16. continent - con_together + tin_to hold + ent (n.) 大陸；洲
e.g.
17. retina - re_back + tin_to hold + a (n.) 視網膜
e.g.
18. retinue - re_back + tin_to hold + ue (n.) 隨從
e.g.


III. Random Samples from GRE-Verbal

IV. Review Test

筆記整理(I)_22_11_08 [Undone]

Dedicated to Zach, a fellow member of [Media/Biz.] Study Group

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7732733.stm

Japanese economy now in recession

Japan's economy has entered its first recession
since 2001 after shrinking by 0.1% in the third quarter.

第三季的GDP降低0.1

The world's second-biggest economy had previous shrunk by 0.9% in the April to June quarter.

這個世界第二大的經濟體，第二季的GDP下降了0.9%

"The downtrend in the economy will continue for the time being as global growth slows," said Japanese Economy Minister Kaoru Yosano.

經濟下滑的趨勢，會因全球經濟成長趨緩而持續好一陣子

The eurozone officially slipped into recession last week, and the US is expected to follow.

根據官方說法，歐元區上週經濟(正式)步入衰退；而美國也_____________________

"We need to bear in mind that economic conditions could worsen further as the US and European financial crisis deepens, worries of economic downturn heighten and stock and foreign exchange markets make big swings," Mr Yosano added.

我們應牢記，

The benchmark Nikkei share index fell on opening after the growth data was released, but it later rebounded and closed up 0.7%. The Nikkei has lost a quarter of its value since the beginning of October.

Growth in Japan has been hit by the global economic slowdown which has curbed demand for Japanese exports.

"The risk of Japan posting a third or fourth straight quarterly contraction is growing, given the fact that we can no longer rely on exports," said Takeshi Minami, chief economist at Norinchukin Research Institute.

Japan's economy had experienced its longest period of economic growth since World War II until the sub-prime crisis started a year ago.

[轉貼]英文王子張介英－本土英文學習典範

郝興平2002/11/11 第346期
書名：英文王子張介英作者：張介英出版者：經典傳訊

上市後一週大賣八千本，兩個多月銷路已超過兩萬本的《英文王子張介英》，只不過是一本明星書嗎？你錯了。而如果你以為張介英是長得帥又一路順遂、得天獨厚的老么驕子，你又錯了！

一身運動休閒裝、騎著摩托車來受訪的張介英，劈頭就說：「要作大事不一定要念第一學府」。他認為自己的成功一半歸功於自己的不服輸、越挫越勇的好勝心，以及高度自律意志。

從國小到國高中，張介英的英語表現起起伏伏，出現過演講比賽上場卻忘了台詞的場景。而身為輔大翻譯研究所榜首，到了第一學年終了時，他居然有四科被當，還被所長約談希望他轉組。回顧英文學習的成敗經驗，有兩個轉捩點，一是就讀政大實驗小學，由於常愛發問，被一群家境富裕的ＡＢＣ同學不耐與嘲笑，反而激起他把英文念好的決心；二是研究所險被死當，被逼出國磨練一年的黑暗經驗。

當時，張介英雖拿到英國倫敦政經學院全額獎學金，但是高昂的生活費還是要靠母親抵押房子貸款接濟，反敗為勝的壓力，讓他焦慮而瘋狂地吸收各式各樣的資訊。他不斷向英國同學發問請教，雖然對方都肯定他的修辭已經比百分之九十的當地人還好，他還忍不住歇斯底里地問：「你到底覺得我的英文好不好嘛？」

在英國留學時，張介英每晚都要設定收聽電台廣播，弄得自己半睡半醒、恍恍惚惚。第一次離家那麼遠，思鄉的情緒也讓他逢深夜必落淚。他認為，自己的好強好學是雙子座使然，當他人覺得自己夠好的時候，他反而覺得自己不夠好，要更努力來證明自己更好！

客觀分析，這種自我監督的正向學習機制，是由張介英大大小小的挫敗經驗所形塑與觸發的；這種不進則退的強烈危機意識，也正是台灣人長久身處已開發國家與開發中國家的競爭行列所建構的民族性。而他不願意寄身於大公司，選擇當個專業口譯個體戶，正是寧為雞首不為牛後的典型本土現象。

張介英說「中文怎麼學，英文就該怎麼學」。「英文好」並不是指可以和人用英文流利對話而已，背景知識的補充才是精進關鍵，不然就得常常當功能性文盲。同時，他語出驚人地說：「還要愛上犯錯丟臉的感覺！」他發現，一時的羞辱感反而會活化腦神經記憶細胞的連結，學得更有效率。他時常主動用不確定的用語和外國人交談，以得到他們的吐槽糾正，認為這倒省了他查字典的時間呢！

張介英認為，學英文和面對人生困境一樣，「態度正向甲要緊！」

訪談結束之際，張介英感嘆，由於父母親在家都不對小孩說母語，只用在互相對談，讓他錯失學習閩南語和客家話的好時機。他說，懂母語的好處是可以瞬間拉近距離，增加陌生人初識的親和力，於友誼與事業都很有幫助。

這位曾擔任阿扁總統、呂秀蓮副總統的口譯員，也是ＩＥＬＴＳ英國留學語文考試世界記錄保持人，認為國際化和本土化、學好母語和英語，一點都不衝突！都是增加自己競爭力的利器！

http://www.newtaiwan.com.tw/bulletinview.jsp?bulletinid=10158

Think of Your Poor Foot [Undone]

Edgar-001-181108

Think of Your Poor Feet

想想可憐的腳吧

In brief:
簡言之：

Huge numbers of people develop foot pain in their 60s, but it can start as early as the 20s and 30s.
大多數人在六十多歲時開始腳痛／產生足部疼痛，但也可能早發於二三十歲／發生得更早──在二三十歲的時候／但也可能在二三十歲的時候就產生疼痛。

Excessive weight, diabetes and circulation problems can contribute to foot pain.
體重過重，糖尿病以及血液循環的問題，都可能導致腳痛。

Proper footwear and regular exercise can play a crucial role in preventing foot problems.
在預防足部問題上，合腳的鞋類／合適的鞋子以及適當的運動扮演著決定性的角色。

The average person walks the equivalent of three times around the Earth in a lifetime. That is enormous wear and tear on the 26 bones, 33 joints and more than 100 tendons, ligaments and muscles that make up the foot.

一般人在一生中，走過的路／行走的路程相當於繞行地球的三倍之多。這對於由二十六根骨頭，三十三處關節，百條以上的肌腱、韌帶和肌肉組成的足部產生了非常大的損耗。

In a recent survey for the American Podiatric Medical Association, 53 percent of respondents reported foot pain so severe that it hampered their daily function. On average, people develop pain in their 60s, but it can start as early as the 20s and 30s. Yet, except for women who get regular pedicures, most people don't take much care of their feet.
最近一份美國足部醫學協會的報告指出，百分之五十三的回應者指出他們的腳痛得很嚴重，並且因此影響到了生活機能。一般來說，人們在六十多歲時開始腳痛，但也可能在二三十歲時就出現症狀。所以，除了定期修剪腳趾甲的婦女以外，大多數人都不太注重自己的足部保養。

[Gram./Vocab.]Declaration

1. 每個禮拜的單字很多，workload很重請自行擬定讀書計畫

2. title如果有[undone]，就是我還沒整理完畢；眼睛記得要張大一點

3. 內容不會的，歡迎詢問；但是能自己查的請先自己找答案，我想ptt上的規定亦是如此

4. 我的考卷內容只會愈來愈多，不會愈來愈少；而且絕對會有verbal journal上面沒有的文法題或是別的題目；所以要滿分有點困難，但這樣才會知道自己的實力在哪，並且有沒有進步

5. 中英文註釋的答案請不要任意用自己的話謄寫；請按照網誌上給予的解釋，我也知道沒有一定的解釋方式；但是這樣的話，那就自己考自己，不需別人出題目吧？！除非我後面附註(Please explain the following with YOUR OWN WORDS)再自行詮釋之:然後煩請看清詞性或是文本內所使用之詞性

6. 之後會有口頭問答題(most are from weekly verbal journal)，以全英文方式進行

7. 我從撰寫weekly verbal journal到出考卷，一篇約花費8-10小時
那你有well-prepared再來考試嗎？

8. 從下禮拜開始要寫翻譯題，不可以跳過不寫！

9. 請先吃完早餐再加入我們的行列，下禮拜開始不得於會中吃東西(可以喝飲料)

10. 對完答案就檢討考卷

11. 12點之前會全部結束

[Gram./Vocab.] Week6-21_11_08

I. 筆譯題：從以下的兩篇隨機抽題目

1) President Discusses Freedom and Democracy in Kyoto, Japan

2) President Bush Discusses Global Climate Change


II. 字根字首

vers, vert = turn, change 轉變

1. conversation - con_together + ver_change+ ation_ n.-suffix (n.) 會話 ; 非正式會談
e.g. I believe the Cross-Straits conversation held in Taipei would become a blockbuster.
2. versatile - ver_change+ sat+ ile_ n.-suffix (a.) 多才多藝的
e.g. As a versatile actor, Edward is able to play any role from hero to clown.
3. verse - vers(e)_turn (n.) 韻文
e.g. Shakespeare's plays are all written in blank verse.
4. versed - ver_change+ ion_ n.-suffix (n.) 熟練的
e.g. During the visit, we have known the Chinese envoy is well versed in the art of diplomacy.
5. version - ver_change+ ion_ n.-suffix (n.) 版本
e.g. The standard version of the Bible is the 1611 King James Bible.
6. adverse - ad_to + vers(e)_ to turn (a.) 有害的；逆向的；敵對的；不利的
e.g. Abraham Lincoln, the Great Emancipator, was also a self-made man who rose above adverse circumstances.
7. adversary - ad_against + vers(e)_ to turn (n.) 敵手
e.g. She easily defeated her adversary in the contest.
8. adversity - ad_to + vers_ turn + ity_n.-suffix (n.) 逆境
e.g. Christians believe that it can be a source of inspiration in the face of adversity to read the Bible.
9. anniversary - anni_year + vers_ turn + ary_n.-suffix (n.) 週年紀念日
e.g. Macy's is holding an anniversary sale.(週年慶特賣會)
10. conversely - con_加強語氣 + vers_ turn + ly_adv.-suffix (a.) 相反(地)
e.g. The bailout may rescue the whole country, or conversely, it may destroy it once and for all.
11. controversy - contro_against + vers_ turn + y_n.-suffix (n.) 爭議
e.g. The controversy over the use of the land remained unsettled.
12. diversion - di_away + vers_ to turn + ion_n.-suffix (n.) 消遣；娛樂
e.g. After a week of monotonous work, many people go fishing. Some go camping. Still others go swimming for diversion.
13. divert - di_away + vers_ to turn (v.) 消遣；轉移；娛樂
e.g. I tried to listen to the lecture, but the whispering behind me diverted my attention.
14. inverse - in_in + verse_ turn (a.) 顛倒的
e.g. One's life expectancy could be in inverse ratio to the number of cigarettes one smokes.
15. perverse - per_thoroughly + vert_ turn (a.) 不正常的
e.g. In a perverse way, banning a book may make it a hit on the black market.
16. reverse - re_back + verse_ turn (v.) 逆轉 (n.) 相反 (a.) 顛倒的
e.g. You need to shift into reverse before you can back the car into the garage.
17. universe - uni_one + vert_ turn (n.) 宇宙
e.g. If the universe is as colossal as scientistes say it is, there must be extraterrestrial life somewhere.
18. vertebrate - vert_ turn + brate_n./adj.-suffix (n.) 有脊動物 (a.) 有脊的
e.g. Blue whales are huge vertebrates, larger even than the greatest of the dinosaurs.
e.g. Human beings are vertebrates; it is irreversible once if their spinal cord have got hurt.
19. vertiginous - vert_turn + igi_ go + nous_adj.-suffix (a.) 頭暈目眩的
e.g. Goats can run down vertiginous mountain slopes without any difficulty.
20. vertigo - vert_turn + igo_go (n.) 暈眩症
e.g. Looking down from the skyscraper, Matissé felt a giddy sense of vertigo.
21. avert - a(b)_away + vert_ to turn (v.) 避免；避開；移開
e.g. She averted her eyes from the unpleasant scene. ( = to turn away)
e.g. By taking preventaive measures, Marsha and Sasha hoped to avert another disaster.
(= to prevent...from...)
* to avert a strike 取消罷工
* to avert a blow 擋開一擊
22. averse - a(b)_away + vert_ to turn (a.) 嫌惡的；反對的
e.g. Having lost so much money on the lottery, she was averse to risking any more.
23. aversion - a(b)_away + vert_ to turn (n.) 反感；討厭 <~to>
e.g. Because of her aversion to work, she never held a job long.
24. convert - con_加強語氣 + vert_ to turn (v.) 轉換
e.g. These politicians rapidly converted their political beliefs as soon as they had known
the result in the presedential election. (to turn...from.../ to turn together to the same belief)
25. extrovert - extro_outward + vert_ turn (n.) 外向的人
e.g. We need an extrovert to fill the post of PR Director.
26. invertebrate - in_not + vert_ turn + brate_n./adj.-suffix (n.) 無脊動物 (a.) 無脊的
e.g. Large earthworms may look like snakes, but they are invertebrates.
27. incontrovertible - in_not + contro_ against + vert_turn + ible_able (a.) 無可辯駁的
e.g. When the suspect came up with an incontrovertible alibi, the police had to let him go.
28. introverted - in_not + vert_ turn + ed_adj.-suffix (a.) 內向的
29. introvert - in_not + vert_ turn + ed_adj.-suffix (n.) 內向的人
e.g. Introverts think mainly about themselves.
30. perverted- per_加強語氣 + vert_ turn + ed_adj.-suffix (a.) 變態的
e.g. The sexually perverted rapist murderer was found guilty and sentenced to life imprisonment.
31. revert - re_back + vert_ turn (v.) 回到
e.g. In which year did Macau revert to Beijing rule?
32. subvert- sub_under + vert_ turn (v.) 顛覆
e.g. The Gang of Four was tried under the charge of trying to subvert the government.

III. Synonyms

synonyms sarcastic , satiric(al) , ironic , sardonic mean marked by bitterness and a power or will to cut or sting.

Sarcastic implies an intentional inflicting of pain by deriding, taunting, or ridiculing.

Satiric(al) implies that the intent of the ridiculing is censure and reprobation.

Ironic implies an attempt to be amusing or provocative by saying usually the opposite of what is meant .

Sardonic implies scorn, mockery, or derision that is manifested by either verbal or facial expression .

sarcastic. (2008). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
Retrieved November 18, 2008, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/sarcastic

IV. Review Test

之前考過的當然要持續複習囉!!

[Gram./Vocab.]Week4&5-08/15_11_08

從這禮拜開始呢，除了單字以外，會增加筆譯題；不過不用擔心，不會很難的XD

這次會從以下的兩篇隨機抽題目 Good luck!!

President Discusses Freedom and Democracy in Kyoto, Japan


President Bush Discusses Global Climate Change

1. disdainful (a.) 輕蔑的；蔑視的 <~of>
: full of or expressing disdain

e.g. Marshell is highly disdainful of his colleagues out of arrogance.

* disdain (n.) 驕傲自大；輕蔑

: a feeling of contempt for someone or something regarded as unworthy or inferior

* arrogance (n.) 自大；自負

: an attitude of superiority manifested in an overbearing manner or in presumptuous claims or assumptions

* arrogant (a.) 自大的

* presumptuous (a.) 踰矩的

: overstepping due bounds (as of propriety or courtesy)

* claim

: (v.) 宣稱……為己有；奪去(生命)；聲明；自稱；主張

: (n.) 所有權；所有物；索賠　

* disclaim : (v.) 拒絕承認；放棄(權利)；否認

* proclaim: (v.) 宣示；表明

* acclaim : (v.n) 爲……喝采；擁立

e.g. Zhao Kuang Yin (趙匡胤) was acclaimed by his troops at the end of Wudài Shíguó (五代十國, Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period).

* exclaim:

1) (vi.)

a. to cry out or speak in strong or sudden emotion

b. to speak loudly or vehemently

2) (vt.) : to utter sharply, passionately, or vehemently

* exclamation (n.) 驚嘆詞；驚嘆語；驚呼

*vehemently (a.) :

1) marked by forceful energy : powerful

a: intensely emotional : impassioned , fervid

b:

(1) : deeply felt 強烈的(質疑)

(2): forcibly expressed denunciation

強烈的(譴責)

c: bitterly antagonistic 激烈的(反對)

vehement. (2008). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.

Retrieved November 10, 2008, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/vehement

* superiority (n.) 優越感

: the quality or state of being superior; a superior characteristic

* to be superior to : 優於

* inferiority (n.) 自卑感

:

1) situated lower down : lower

2)

a: of low or lower degree or rank

b: of poor quality : mediocre

3) of little or less importance, value, or merit

4)

a: situated below another and especially another similar superior part of an upright body

b: situated in a relatively low posterior or ventral position in a quadrupedal body

c:

(1) situated below another plant part or organ

(2) abaxial (a.) 遠軸的

5) relating to or being a subscript

* axis (n.) : 軸(心)

* to be inferior to: 劣於

* manifest

: (vt.)　to make evident or certain by showing or displaying

: (n.)

1) a list of passengers or an invoice of cargo for a vehicle 乘客名單

2) (= manifestation, indication) 顯露；表現；指出；證實；表現形式

3) manifesto 宣言

: (a.)

1) readily perceived by the senses and especially by the sight

2) easily understood or recognized by the mind : obvious

* readily (a.) :

in a ready manner: as

1) without hesitating : willingly 樂意(地)；欣然(地)

2) without much difficulty : easily 無困難(地)；輕易(地)；立即(地)

* credulous (a.) 輕信的

: believing too readily on too little evidence; gullibility

e.g. How credulous! I can't believe you simply buy André's BS.

*incredulous (a.) 不輕信的

: not believing readily; desbeliving

e.g. Milan was so incredulous while Sydney popped the question last night; she thought he were just kidding at a time.

* to pop the question [colloquial] : to propose (to sb.) 求婚

*perceive : (vt.)

1)

a) to attain awareness or understanding of 認知(到)

b) to regard as being such 認為是

2) to become aware of through the senses 感受(到)

*manifestation (n.) 明白；顯露；表示

*overbearing (a.)

1) tending to overwhelm : overpowering 壓倒性的；難以抑制的；強勢的

2) decisively important : dominant 支配的；佔(盡)優勢的；佔首位的

3) harshly and haughtily arrogant

* overbear (v.)

: to bring down by superior weight or force : overwhelm

: to domineer over

: to surpass in importance or cogency : outweigh

* domineer:

1) (vi.) to exercise arbitrary or overbearing control 專橫跋扈

2) (vt.) to tyrannise(tyrannize) over 欺壓

* domineering (a.) 跋扈的；盛氣凌人的

* surpass (v.) : 超越；勝過

* cogency (n.) : 中肯；使人信服的力量

* cogent (a.) : 中肯的；使人信服的

1) having power to compel or constrain

2)

a. appealing forcibly to the mind or reason : convincing

b. pertinent, relevant

*haughtily (adv.) / haughty (a.)

: blatantly and disdainfully proud

* blatantly (a.)

1) noisy especially in a vulgar or offensive manner : clamorous

2) completely obvious, conspicuous, or obtrusive especially in a crass or offensive manner : brazen

* clamourous (clamorous) (a.) : 大聲喧嘩的

* clamour (clamor) :

1) (n.) 大聲疾呼；(吵鬧著)要求；持續吶喊；抗議聲浪

2) (v.) 大聲疾呼；(吵鬧著)要求；不斷聲明/宣示

e.g. to clamour for impeachment 要求彈劾 / to clamour for food 吵著要食物

* vulgar: (a.) 平民的；大眾的

* conspicuous : (a.)

1) obvious to the eye or mind 顯著的；顯而易見的；顯明的；明顯的

2) attracting attention 引人注目的；聚焦的；引人側目的(neg.)

3) marked by a noticeable violation of good taste

* conspicuous consumption (n.) 擺闊；裝闊氣

* noticeable (a.) 卓越的；值得注意的

Synonyms noticeable , remarkable , prominent , outstanding , conspicuous , salient , striking mean attracting notice or attention.

Noticeable applies to something unlikely to escape observation.

Remarkable applies to something so extraordinary or exceptional as to invite comment.

Prominent applies to something commanding notice by standing out from its surroundings or background.

Outstanding applies to something that rises above and excels others of the same kind.

Conspicuous applies to something that is obvious and unavoidable to the sight or mind.

Salient applies to something of significance that merits the attention given it.

Striking applies to something that impresses itself powerfully and deeply upon the observer's mind or vision.

noticeable. (2008). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. Retrieved November 10, 2008, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/noticeable

* lavish (a.) 揮霍的；鋪張的；浪費的

* profusely (adv.) 大量(地)

* obtrusive:

* contempt (n.) 蔑視；[Legal.] 藐視法庭 <~of>

* Familiarity breeds contempt [Proverb] 近廟欺神；親暱生狎侮

* familiarity (n.)

e.g. I resent the familiarities of a stranger.

* resent (vt.) 厭惡

: to feel or express annoyance or ill will at

* to familiarise (familiarize) (vt.) 使…熟悉；使……普及 <~with>

e.g. Shelly should familiarise herself with everything at the start of colligiate life.

* familiarisation (familiarization) (n.) 通俗化；通達……

2. resilient : 迅速回復氣力的

* resilience : (n.)

3. harangue : (n.) tirade; phillipic ; a discourse or declamation full of bitter condemnation

長篇的攻擊性演說；激烈的發言

4. to utilise (utilize) : (vt.) 善用

5. underdog : (n.) 居於劣勢者；形勢不利者

6. favourite (favorite) : (n.) 最有希望獲勝者；處於優勢地位者

7. untenable - un_not + ten_to hold + able_able : (a.) 不可行的

* untenability (n.) 不可行(之事)

8. feasible - feas_to do + ible_able : (a.) 可行的

* feasibility (n.) 可行性

* fact, fect, fic = do, make 做(出)；製造(出) －－　字源大挪移，旋元佑，2001，經典傳訊

1. factory - fac_to make + ory_n.-suffix : (n.) 工廠

2. faction - fact_to do + ion_n.-suffix : (n.) 派系

3. factor - fact_to do + or_n.-suffix : (n.) 因素

4. factotum - fac_to do + totum_total : (n.) 雜工；助理

5. factual - fac_to do + ual_adj.-suffix : (a.) 事實的

6. artifact - arti_skill + fact_to make : (n.) 古文物

7. manufacture - manu_hand + fact_to make + ure_v.-suffix : (v.) 生產；製造

8. faciliate - fac_to do + ate_v.-suffix : (v.) 使……有幫助；使……方便

9. facility- fac_to do + ity_n.-suffix : (n.) 設施；機構

10. facsimilie (abbr. fax) - fac_to make + sim_same + ile_v.-suffix : (n.) 仿製品；傳真

11. affect - af/ad_to + fect_do : (v.) 影響

12. defective - de_not + fect_to do + ive_adj.-suffix : (a.) 有瑕疵的；有缺陷的

13. effect - ef/ex_out + fect_to do : (n.) 效果；結果；影響 (vt.)實現(理想)；完成(計畫)；引起(變化)

14. effective - ef/ex_out + fect_to do + ive_adj.-suffix : (a.) 有效(果)的

15. imperfect - im_not + per_thoroughly + fect_to do : (a.) 不完美的

16. ineffectual - in_not + ef/ex_out + fect_to do + ual_adj.-suffix : (a.) 無效的；沒用的

17. perfectionist - per_thoroughly + fect_to do + ion_n.-suffix + ist_ one who... : (n.) 完美主義者

18. fiction - fict_to make + ion_n.-suffix : (n.) 小說；虛構故事

19. nonfiction - non_not + fict_to make + ion_n.-suffix : (n.) 非小說

20. fictitious - fict_to make + ious_adj.-suffix : (a.) 虛構的

21. artificial - arti_skill + fic_to make + ial_adj.-suffix : (a.) 人造的；人工的

22. efficacious - ef/ex_out + fic_do + ious_adj.-suffix : (a.) 效力強的

23. efficiency - ef/ex_out + fic_to do + icency_n.-suffix : (n.) 效率

24. efficient - ef/ex_out + fic_to do + icent_adj.-suffix : (n.) 有效率的

25. proficiency - pro_forward + fic_to do + icency_n.-suffix : (n.) 熟練；專長

26. sufficient - suf/sub_under + fic_to do + ient_adj.-suffix : (a.) 足夠的；充足的

27. insufficient - in_not + suf/sub_under + fic_to do + ient_adj.-suffix : (a.) 不足的

28. deficient - de_not + fic_to do + ient_adj.-suffix : (a.) 不足的

29. feat - to do : (n.) 壯舉

30. counterfeit - counter_against + feit_to make : (a.) 偽造的 (v.) 偽造 (n.) 偽鈔

* forgery

31. surfeit - sur_over + feit_to do : (n.) 過量 (v.) 大吃

* 長得很像的單字 (GRE-Vebal)

facetious : (a.) 滑稽的

Etymology:
Middle French facetieux, from facetie jest, from Latin facetia

factious : (a.) 派系的

factitious : (a.) 人造的

fastidious : (a.) 挑剔的

Etymology:
Middle English, from Latin fastidiosus, from fastidium disgust, probably from fastus arrogance (probably akin to Latin fastigium top) + taedium irksomeness

fictitious (a.) 虛構的

felicitous (a.) 幸福的,恰當的

fractious - fraction_discord + ious_adj.-suffix : (a.) 易怒的

9. eqivocal - equi_equal + voc_voice : (a.) 模擬兩可的；有歧義的；易使人誤解的；(語意)曖昧的；(語意)晦暗不明的

10. unequivocal - un_not + equi_equal + voc_voice : (a.) 毫無疑問的；明確的

Notice:

Considering there are a great amount of vocabulary this week, make sure you can build'em up day after day; otherwise, it'll be too late to amass them only on Friday.

Reference:

1. disdainful. (2008). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
   Retrieved November 7, 2008, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/disdainful
   
2. disdain. (2008). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
   Retrieved November 7, 2008, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/disdain


3. resent. (2008). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
   Retrieved November 7, 2008, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/resent
   
4. arrogance. (2008). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
   Retrieved November 7, 2008, from http://www.merriamwebster.com/dictionary/arrogance


5. superiority. (2008). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
   Retrieved November 7, 2008, from http://www.merriamwebster.com/dictionary/superiority


6. overbear. (2008). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
   Retrieved November 7, 2008, from http://www.merriamwebster.com/dictionary/overbear


7. overbearing. (2008). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
   Retrieved November 7, 2008, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/overbearing


8. manifest. (2008). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
   Retrieved November 7, 2008, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/manifest


9. haughty. (2008). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
   Retrieved November 7, 2008, from http://www.merriamwebster.com/dictionary/haughty


10. inferior. (2008). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
    Retrieved November 7, 2008, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/inferior
11. domineer. (2008). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
    Retrieved November 10, 2008, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/domineer
12. domineering. (2008). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
    Retrieved November 10, 2008, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/domineering
13. clamor. (2008). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
    Retrieved November 10, 2008, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/clamor
14. clamorous. (2008). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
    Retrieved November 10, 2008, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/clamorous
15. vulgar. (2008). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
    Retrieved November 10, 2008, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/vulgar
16. lavish. (2008). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
    Retrieved November 10, 2008, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/lavish
17. conspicuous. (2008). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
    Retrieved November 10, 2008, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/conspicuous
18. exclaim. (2008). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
    Retrieved November 10, 2008, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/exclaim

[Gram./Vocab.] Week3 Vocabulary Pop Quiz

I. Terminology

A. acrophobia – ACRO ( ) + PHOB ( )
(n.) ____________
______________________________________

______________________________________

B. claustrophobia – CLAUS ( ) + PHOB ( )
(n.) ____________
______________________________________

______________________________________

C. hydrophobia – HYDR ( ) + PHOB ( )
(n.) ____________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
D. philharmonic – PHIL ( ) + HARMONIA ( )
(n.) ____________
_______________________________________

_______________________________________

E. bibliophile – BIBL ( ) + PHIL ( )
(n.) ____________
____________________________________
____________________________________

E. phillipic – (n.) ____________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________

II. Blank-filling

A. Complete the blanks of the following sentences. (i)

a. Lincoln once said, “I won’t be a slave _____ _____ _____ I will be a master.”

b. As a matter of fact, air as well as water pollution _____ (be, simple present) no less

harmful than noise one.

c. Nancy is not so much a poet _____ a scholar.

d. Living in a highly competitive society, you definitely have to arm yourself with as much

knowledge _____ possible.

e. A man’s worth lies _____ _____ _____ in what he has as what he is.

B. Complete the blanks of the following sentences. (ii)

a. Edgar is a real ___________________; he often buys books once being immersed in those.

b. Kris' ___________________ prevented himself from staying at home alone.

c. Eric’s offer was declined by Fiona; he urged her to take switchback, which may arouse ___________________ herself.

d. There was an outbreak of ___________________ amongst the dogs of that urban area.

e. That night Chace as well as Jasmine was listening to the New York ___________________ Orchstra.

f. Socrates valued ___________________ much more than anything else.

C. E to C translation

a. dread (n.) : ___________________
b. dreadful (a.) : ___________________
c. rim (n.) : ___________________
d. ram (n.) : ___________________
e. abnormal (a.) : ___________________
f. subnormal (a.) : ___________________
g. moral (a.): ___________________
h. immoral (a.) : ___________________
i. amoral (a.) : ___________________
j. excessive (a.) : ___________________
k. cliff (n.) : ___________________
l. illogical (a.) : ___________________
m. enclosed (a.) : ___________________
n. morbid (a.) : ___________________
o. rabies (n.pl) : ___________________
p. to be a characteristic of : ___________________
q. to be characterised by : ___________________
r. productive (n.) : ___________________
s. to be suspectible to : ___________________
t. induce (v.) : ___________________
u. gloomy (a.) : ___________________
v. unwholesome (a.) : ___________________
w. grisly (a.) : ___________________
x. gruesome (a.) : ___________________
y. overdose (v.n) : ___________________
z. alcoholism (n.) : ___________________
aa. alcoholisity (n.) : ___________________
bb.alcoholisation (n.) : ___________________
cc. alcoholic (n.) : ___________________
dd.alcoholic (a.) : ___________________
ee. alcoholic beverages (n. phr) : ___________________
ff. DUI = ______________________________________(E&C)
gg. acute (a.) : ___________________
hh.nervous system (n.phr) : ___________________
ii. mammal (n.) : ___________________
jj. reptile(n.) : ___________________
kk. to be caused by : ___________________
ll. transmit (v.) : ___________________
mm. salivation (n.) : ___________________
nn.paralysis (n.) : ___________________
oo.aesthetic (n.) : ___________________
pp.analgesic (n.) : ___________________
qq. karoshi (n.) : ___________________
rr. tsunami : ___________________
ss. the working poor : ___________________
tt. SOHO : ______________________________________
uu. LOHAS : ______________________________________
vv. sustainable devt / development: ___________________
ww. leukemia (n.) : ___________________
xx. hemophilia (n.) : ___________________
yy. anemia (n.): ___________________
zz. hemorrhage (n.) : ___________________
aaa. unprecedented (a.) : ___________________
bbb. feasible (a.) : ___________________
ccc. untenable (a.): ___________________
ddd. unequivocal (a.) : ___________________
eee. insatiable (a.) : ___________________
fff. confident (a.) : ___________________
ggg. differdent (a.) : ___________________
hhh. disinfectant (n.) : ___________________
iii. detergent (n.): ___________________
jjj. antidote (n.) : ___________________
kkk. antipathy (n.): ___________________
lll. apathy (n.): ___________________
mmm. sympathy (n.): ___________________
nnn. empathy (n.): ___________________

D. Have a guess! Based upon affixes, and write down the meanings of each word.

a. anglophile : ___________________
b. francophile : ___________________
c. slavophile : ___________________
d. necrophile : ___________________
e. pedophile : ___________________
f. photophila : ___________________
g. photophobia : ___________________
h. xenophobia : ___________________
i. tonitrophobia : ___________________
j. trypanophobia : ___________________
k. testophobia : ___________________
l. scolionophobia : ___________________
m. philophobia : ___________________
n. philema(to)phobia : ___________________
o. pantophobia : ___________________
p. obesophobia : ___________________
http://www.phobialist.com/index.html
http://changethatsrightnow.com/

III. E to C translation

A. Translate only the underlined part of the following sentences into C.

a. When I wanted to borrow some money from him, there was no more than ten dollars.
_________________________________________________________________
b. These batteries are not good. At best they will last not more than two months.
_________________________________________________________________
c. We take it for granted that the detergent does not take out every dirty spot instantly without a lot of hard work － or at least not as quickly as the TV commercial shows.
_________________________________________________________________

d. Many movies are also taken seriously, while others are dismissed as nothing more than entertainment.
_________________________________________________________________
e. 40,000 children under the age of five die every day in the developing conuntries, largely from preventable causes, often for lack of no more than a dollar’s worth of health care, a regular supply of nutritious food, or clean water and sanitation.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

Model Essay

I. Introduction

*Thesis Statement usually places in the last sentence of introductory paragraph.

There are three ways to study English in one's school life:

Preview, concentration in class, review.

II. Body

(i) Supporting paragraph

a. main idea*
b. reason
c. example*
d. detail

(ii) Supporting idea

a. main idea*
b. reason
c. example*
d. detail

(iii) Supporting idea

a. main idea*
b. reason
c. example*
d. detail

III. Conclusion

Thesis Restatement usually places in the first sentence of concluding paragraph.

[Gram./Vocab.] Week 3 -01_11_08

Vocabulary

PHOB - fear

1. acrophobia - acro_high + phob_fear 　懼高症
acrophobe (n.)
acrophobic (a.)

: abnormal dread of being in a high place : fear of height or
: an excessive or illogical fear of high places.

*dread (n.) 懼怕
*dreadful (a.) 糟透的

e.g. Rosemary declined Marshell's offer, approaching the rim of the cliff,
because of her acrophobia.

*rim (n.) 邊緣

2. claustrophobia - claus_to close + phob_fear　幽閉恐懼症

Etymology: claustrum + phobia

: abnormal dread of being in closed or narrow spaces or
: an excessive or illogical fear or enclosed places.

e.g. Christopher's claustrophobia made him prefer climbing stairs
to taking the elevator.

3. hydrophobia (n.) - hydr_water + phob_fear 恐水症；狂犬病

: a morbid dread of water or
: an abnormal fear of water or
: rabies

*morbid (a.)
morbidly (adv.)
morbidness (n.)

Etymology: Latin morbidus diseased, from morbus disease

: of, relating to, or characteristic of disease (a.) 病理的；病變部位的
: affected with or induced by disease (a.) 疾病的；疾病導致的
: productive of disease (a.) (因)疾病產生的
: abnormally susceptible to or characterized by gloomy or unwholesome feelings 憂鬱的
: grisly , gruesome 病態的

*induce(v.) 誘發；導致　　　 human-induced 人為的(= man-made / manmade)
*susceptible (a.) (易)受．．．．．．影響的<~to>
*characterise (v.) 以/有．．．．．．的特徵 (常以passive voice呈現)
*gloomy (a.)
*unwholesome (a.) 不衛生的
*grisly (a.) 可怕的；嚴重的
*gruesome(a.) 陰森的；詭譎的
*substance-related disorder [Psy.] 物質關聯疾病
(一種與心理有關的疾病, 如藥物濫用(overdose), 酒精濫用(alcoholism)等)
Refers to
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/morbid

*rabies
:an acute virus disease of the nervous system of mammals that is caused by a rhabdovirus (species Rabies virus of the genus Lyssavirus) usually transmitted through the bite of a rabid animal and that is characterized typically by increased salivation, abnormal behavior, and eventual paralysis and death when untreated

*nervous system of mammals 哺乳動物的神經系統
*is caused by a rhabdovirus 由桿狀病毒所引起
*transmit (v.) 傳播；傳染
*salivation (n.) 唾液分泌； [Med.]流涎症
*paralysis (n.) 癱瘓
*untreated (a.) 無藥可救的；藥石罔效的；不能治癒的

refers to
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/rabies



PHIL - to love

4. philharmonic - phil_to love + harmonia_harmony 愛好和諧者；愛樂

Etymology:Etymology:

French philharmonique, literally, loving harmony, from Italian filarmonico,

from fil- phil- + armonia harmony, from Latin harmonia

: loving harmony; devoted to music; a symphont orchestra

5. bibliophile - bibl_book + phil_to love 愛書者(特指也在收集者)
bibliophilic (a.)

: one who loves books; a book collector or
:a lover of books especially for qualities of format

e.g. Edgar is a real bibliophile; he often buys books once being immersed in those.

6. philippic

Etymology:
Middle French philippique, from Latin & Greek; Latin philippica,
orationes philippicae, speeches of Cicero against Mark Antony,
translation of Greek philippikoi logoi, speeches of Demosthenes
against Philip II of Macedon, literally, speeches relating to Philip.

: a discourse or declamation full of bitter condemnation
: tirade (n.) 長篇的攻擊性演說；激烈的發言

Learning English by playing online games.

Edgar and I talked about online games today.

It reminded me that I did improve my English a bit by playing one online game called Steppenwolf in my collegiate life.

This game was designed by Warner bros, which can learn some useful vocabulary through this game. If you have some difficulties finishing eposides, you can find some walkthrough on the Internet(just google it!) to help youself resolve the problems.
Also, the greatest thing here is...

FOR FREE.

Here is the hyperlink...

If you do like RPG (Role Playing Games), take it and enjoy yourself.

http://www2.warnerbros.com/web/steppenwolf/home.jsp


---
If I've made mistakes in my article, please help me to correct it.

Thanks a lot.

[Gram./Vocab.] Week2 Vocabulary Pop Quiz

I. Terminology

A. progenitor:
_________________________________________
B. procrastinate:
_________________________________________
C. protuberant:
_________________________________________
D. proclivity:
_________________________________________
E. prospectus:
_________________________________________

II. Blank-filling:

A. affixes (prefixes as well as suffixes)

a. progenitor- pro(___________) + gen(___________)
+itor(___________)
b. procrastinate-pro(___________) + cras(___________)
c. protuberant-pro(___________) +tuber(___________)
d. proclivity-pro(___________) +clivus(___________)
e. prospectus-pro(___________) +spect(___________)

B. Complete sentences
a. Prior to his puberty, Ben has always been concious of his
______________ nose.
b. Juliet usually ______________ about turning in her term papers.
c. The ______________ made the new subdivision look inviting
and pleasant.
d. Homo erectus is a ______________ of Homo sapiens.
e. Jasper’s ______________ to boast, in the long run, attributed
him to being axed.
C. English-to-Chinese Translation
a. tract (n.) [AmE.] ______________
b. protuberant (a.) ______________
c. Homo erectus (n.) ______________
d. Homo sapiens (n.) ______________
e. propensity (n.) ______________
f. forebears (n.pl) ______________
g. subdivision (n.) ______________
h. intentionally (adv..) ______________
i. procrastination (n.) ______________
j. habitually (n.) ______________
k. forefather (n.) ______________
l. proclivity (n.) ______________
m. adjacent (a.) ______________
n. manual (n.) ______________
o. procedure (n.) ______________
p. thrust (v.) ______________
q. to be concious of (v. phr) ______________
r. ancestor (n.) ______________
s. slope (n.) ______________
t. inclination (n.) ______________
u. objectionable (a.) ______________
v. predisposition (n.) ______________
w. inherent (a.) ______________
x. preliminary (a.) ______________
y. enterprise (n.) ______________
z. entrepreneur (n.) ______________
aa. to put off (v. phr) ______________
bb. to forecast (v.) ______________
cc. lot (n.) ______________
dd. thriving (a.) ______________
ee. for the purpose of (prep. phr) ______________
ff. instructions (n.pl) ______________
gg. directions (n.pl) ______________
hh. flourishing (a.) ______________
ii. prospect (n.) ______________ (v.) ______________
jj. prospecting (n.) ______________
kk. prospective (a.) ______________
ll. prospector (n.) ______________
mm. prosper (v.) ______________prosperous (a.) ______________

Edgar-C1D1-Essay

Oct. 16, 2008

The Way of Learning English

Nowadays, second language acquisition dominates worldwide in the

international community. It is seemingly, however, that people mostly learn another

language only for job application, which is the equivalent reason that most children

are compelled for English since primary school in Taiwan. Do they really know how

and why they should acquire other languages? Take Taiwanese students for example,

most of them have learned English as a second language at the start of elementary

school, even kindergarten, a place surrounded by what we call"bilingualistic teaching."

Yet in reality, most taiwanese people still cannot speak English fluently as well as

accurately in daily life, which obviously unveils two concerns of language acquisiton,

English in particular, in Taiwan: reluctance, and disinterest; under no circumstance,

additonally, are most students learning English but for daily pop quizzes, even for

entrance exam either to high school or to college. Consequently, other than the

current stiff framework of education system in Taiwan, here offers three steps in

learning English: stimulus of motive, self-learning surroundings, incessant practise.

In the first place, it is very crucial to seek for stimulus of your motive. At the

beginning of the stage, you should either find out or figure out “2W1H”

in English learning: What am I learning? Why should I acquire a language?

How do I improve step by step? Questions the above are to help you rethink or

reconsdier to which your needs and orientations are, and you will get to know

how you are interested in learning English. In addition, you should find something

that engrosses you in, arousing your attention, along with motivation that drives you

to learn more. Some oftens longs for trendy accessories or clothing, for instance,

they may subscribe Vogue, a monthly magazine, or GQ, which is mainly concerned

with male; these people are totally fascinated by these kinds of magzines, whatever

languages they are written by. Another evident example is SATC, a.k.a. Sex and

the City; this kind of series programme attracts so many taiwanese's attetion by

watching either via TV, or DVDs, or even the net. Its material is similar to Chick lit,

a thriving literature that prospers nowadays in metropolis, that targets upon those

who call themselves"modern females", which already impacts down upon generation

to generation, mentioned in [1]From Magic to Makeover, composed by

Natasha Walter in The Guardian. The phenomona shows that what truly matters

if you are motivated.

Secondly, you yourselves are supposed to create a self-learning surroundings. Providing

you have already been stimulated or motivated for language acquisition prior to this

stage, you are gently urged to have an environment entirely blankted with English.

It is always said that only if you "go overseas", you could improve speaking a lot,

and something like that. Yes, it is. What if you stayed in another country, hanging

out with a group of people in your mother tongue, however? Based on this issue

, your concern should be more of a environment than other countries. How do we

make surroundings full of English? To begin with, it is easily for you to think in English

upon the first step. Try to think everything by ways of English, and then speak up,

which you can gradually correct yourself while making grammatical errors time

after time. Meanwhile, listen to songs, radios and watch TV programmes in terms of

English all the time will subconciously and steadily familiarise you with this language.

After the habitual change all the above, you should mostly change what are near at

hand into English, such as computer built-in language, mobile, even digital camera

that need to be switched.

In completion of the first as well as second step, you should get along with English

very well. Given that practise is supposed to make imperfect things nearly perfect,

you need to do it incessantly. At the start with this stage, your preparatory work

focuses on continuous exercise, sharpening eqipped techniques. In this way, four

skills are basically categorised into two sections: listening and speaking are as a first

part, while reading and writing belongs to the other. Firstly, shadowing should be

practised at the beginning, where the speed of content is from low to high. Later on,

doing paragraph-by-paragraph summary by speaking has an easy access to the

whole picture of the content to which you have just listened. Additionally, remember

to have a tape recorder, along with a blank tape, at hand, which helps you archive

your words, enabling you to have correction subsequently and instantly.

As regards the other section, extensive reading and amassment of vocabulary should

be undertaken in sync. Both need long-term passages to build up, to which is no royal

road.

To conclude steps all the above, it is a good to learn English in the way that one can be

self-motivated, creating their own ambience of learning and continuously practise.

More importantly, you should search for the way of learning on your own.

Otherwise, it is not useful in search of more and more tactics or strategies.

Moreover, those elements results from two aspects: self-discipline and time

management, redoubling effects upon self-study, and mostly overcomes the

confrontation of hardships. Last but not least, you should bring your schedule

into practise rather than framing up everything only by words.

[1]Refers to

http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2005/jun/03/gender.booksforchildrenandteenagers

Edgar-C1D1-Outlining

Oct. 16, 2008

Outlining

The Way of Learning English

I. Introductory paragraph:
A. Second language acquisition(SLA) is a trend throughout the world.
B. However, most people are forced to learn another language rather than doing so at will.
C. There are two problems of learning English in Taiwan: reluctance as well as disinterest.
D. For instance, Taiwanese students acquire English because of tests.

Thesis statement: Consequently, other than the current stiff framework of education system in Taiwan, here offers three steps in learning English: stimulus of motive, self-learning surroundings, incessant practise.



II. Body Paragraph 1 : Stimulus of motive

A. It is crucial for people to seek for their stimulus of motive.
B. Thinking about what, why and how helps people to meet their needs while going to learn

another language.
C. For example, reading everything like modern magazines that interest you in; it does not

matter whatever languages are written by.
D. What matters is if you are motivated

III. Body Paragraph 2: Self-learning surroundings

A. Create a self-learning enviorment on your own.
B. Think in English, and then speak up, which helps you gradually correct yourself for

grammatical errors.
C. Listen or watch mostly programmes in terms of English
D. Switch language system of what is near at hand in daily life


IV. Body Paragraph 3: Incessant practise

A. Posterior to the first as well as second stage, it is time for continuous practise.
B. Distribution to four skills: listening and speaking as the first section; reading and writing as

the other.
C. Through shadowing, summarising, tape recording, you can continuously do exercise.
D. Extensive reading and amassment of vocabulary should be habituated at the same time,

which needs long-term passages to build up, and there is no short cut to it..

V. Concluding Paragraph:

To conclude steps all the above, it is a good to learn English in the way that one can be

self-motivated, creating their own learning enviroment and continuously practise.